Ref ID:	23742
Ref Type:	Book Section
Authors:	Tommasea-Ponzetta, M. Cascione, I. Attimonelli, M. Syukriani, Y. Noer, A. S. Sudoyo, H. Marzuki, S.
Title:	Mitochondrial DNA M and N haplogroups in West New Guinea populations
Date:	2007
Source:	Recent Advances on Southeast Asian Paleoanthropology and Archaeology: Proceedings International Seminar on Southeast Asian Paleoanthropology
Place of Publication:	Yogyakarta
Publisher:	Laboratory of Bioanthropology and Palaeoanthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University
Notes:	Held July 23-25, 2007, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Abstract:	<p>The western half of New Guinea (West Papua) is the most traditional and less known side of the island. The first results of a molecular study of its north-western populations are presented here, in conjunction with data from a previous paper (Tommasea-Ponzetta et al, 2002). A total of 467 subjects of both sexes were considered: 265 coming from the Bird's Head Peninsula and the north-western surrounding regions and 202 representative of the central and south-western parts of the country. The sample populations belong to both Austronesian and Non-Austronesian (or Papuan) language families.</p> <p>Mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region 1 (HVS1) was studied. HVS1 sequencing identified 83 variable sites, which allowed the definition of 158 haplotypes. Subsequent statistical analyses revealed high heterogeneity and haplotype sharing among groups, despite their different locations and linguistic diversity. Additional RFLP screening of the mitochondrial coding region of part of the samples was carried out, which allowed a more precise inclusion of the studied sequences into different haplogroups. These turned out to be part of the two major Australasian clades, M and N. Haplogroup Q1, an M clade, was confirmed to be the most frequent in West New Guinea, reaching its maximum frequency in south-western lowland and coastal areas, and decreasing among some mountain groups and towards north-eastern West New Guinea, where the frequency of P1 - an N clade - is higher. The coalescence estimates for these major branches of M and N macrohaplogroups confirm that the island was settled in ancient times, not long after the first peopling of Sahul.</p>
Date Created:	4/9/2008
Editors:	Indriati, Etty
Page Start:	207
Page End:	215